How to Roast a Turkey (2024)

How to Roast a Turkey (1)

Roasting a turkey in the oven is a classic technique for a first-time cook or a seasoned pro:

Turkey roasting cook-time varies by weight, so check out our handy turkey cooking calculator to help you plan. Don’t forget the foil tent when you’re ⅔ of the way through cooking to prevent dryness!

How to Roast Fresh or Frozen Whole Turkeys

Roasting a whole turkey is easier than you think. Just follow these simple instructions for a fresh or thawed turkey:

  1. Preheat oven to 325° F. Drain juices and pat dry with clean paper towels.
  2. Place turkey breast-side-up on a flat rack in a shallow roasting pan 2 to 2½ inches deep.
  3. Turn the wings back to hold the neck skin in place. (Tucking the wings will help stabilize the turkey in the pan and when carving) Brush or spray skin lightly with vegetable or cooking oil for best appearance.
  4. Insert an oven-safe meat thermometer deep into the lower part of the thigh without touching the bone. If the turkey is stuffed, and the thigh is up to temperature, move the thermometer to the center of the stuffing.
  5. Place your turkey in the oven.
  6. When the turkey is about ⅔ done, loosely cover the breast with a piece of foil to prevent overcooking.
  7. Your turkey is done when the temperature with a meat thermometer is 180° F in thigh and 170° F in breast or stuffing.
  8. Lift turkey onto platter, and let stand for 15 minutes before carving.

Cooking Times

Regular Oven 325°

WeightCook Time (Unstuffed)Cook Time (Stuffed)

6-7 lbs.

2-2½ hrs.

2¼-2¾ hrs.

7-10 lbs.

2½-3 hrs.

2¾-3½ hrs.

10-18 lbs.

3-3½ hrs.

3¾-4½ hrs.

18-22 lbs.

3½-4 hrs.

4½-5 hrs.

22-24 lbs.

4-4½ hrs.

5-5½ hrs.

24-30 lbs.

4½-5 hrs.

5½-6¼ hrs.

Convection Oven 325°

WeightCook Time (Unstuffed)Cook Time (Stuffed)

6-10 lbs.

1½ -2 hrs.

1¾-2½ hrs.

10-18 lbs.

2-2½ hrs.

2½-3¼ hrs.

18-22 lbs.

2½-3 hrs.

3¼-3¾ hrs.

22-24 lbs.

3-3½ hrs.

3¾-4¼ hrs.

How to Roast Fully Cooked Whole Turkeys

Fully cooked turkeys are an easy way to get a great tasting turkey on the table in less time. Follow these special directions for a delicious meal:

  1. Preheat oven to 350° F. Remove wrapper.
  2. Place thawed turkey, breast side up, on flat rack in shallow roasting pan 2 to 2½ inches deep. DO NOT stuff.
  3. Brush or spray skin lightly with vegetable or cooking oil for best appearance.
  4. Insert oven-safe meat thermometer deep into the thigh without touching the bone.
  5. Begin checking the turkey for doneness about 30 minutes before the recommended cook time.
  6. Your turkey is done when the meat thermometer reaches 140°F in thigh.
  7. Carve and serve immediately.

Cooking Times

Regular Oven 350°

WeightCook Time Baked (Thawed)Cook Time Smoked (Thawed)

8-10 lbs.

¾-1½ hrs.

¾-1½ hrs.

10-14 lbs.

1-1½ hrs.

1-1½ hrs.

14-18 lbs.

1½-2 hrs.

1½-2 hrs.

How to Roast Whole Turkey Breasts

Turkey breasts cook up tender and delicious, and are easy to roast when you follow these instructions:

  1. Preheat oven to 325° F.
  2. Remove whole breast from bag. Drain juices and pat dry with clean paper towels.
  3. Place breast, skin side up, on a flat roasting rack in a 2-inch deep roasting pan. Do not add water to pan.If you don’t have a roasting rack, crunch aluminum foil into a coil or use vegetables like carrots to keep your turkey off the bottom of the pan.
  4. Brush or spray skin lightly with vegetable or cooking oil for best appearance.
  5. Roast uncovered according to Cooking Schedule or until meat thermometer in thickest part of breast reaches 170° F. If breast is stuffed, center of stuffing should be 165° F.
  6. Roasting time will vary if turkey is covered or placed in an oven-cooking bag.
  7. Before you remove the stuffing and carve, let your turkey breast stand for 15 minutes to allow the juices to set.

You can roast a frozen turkey breast too. Just follow these steps:

  1. Roast skin side down, uncovered, on a flat rack in a 2-inch deep open roasting pan at 325° F for the first hour.
  2. Remove from oven and carefully remove gravy packet and refrigerate packet for future use.
  3. Turn breast skin side up, and brush or spray skin lightly with vegetable or cooking oil for best appearance. Return to oven.
  4. Roast uncovered according to Cooking Schedule or until meat thermometer in thickest part of breast reaches 170° F. If breast is stuffed, center of stuffing should be 165° F.
  5. Let breast stand for 10 minutes before carving.

Cooking Times

Regular Oven 325°

Weight

Cook Time (Unstuffed)

Cook Time (Stuffed)

3-5½ lbs.

1½-2¼ hrs.

2-2¾ hrs.

5½-9 lbs.

2¼-2¾ hrs.

2¾-3¼ hrs.

Convection Oven 325°

Weight

Cook Time (Unstuffed)

Cook Time (Stuffed)

3-5½ lbs.

1½ -2 hrs.

1¾-2½ hrs.

5½-9 lbs.

2-2½ hrs.

2½-3¼ hrs.

18-22 lbs.

2½-3 hrs.

3¼-3¾ hrs.

22-24 lbs.

3-3½ hrs.

3¾-4¼ hrs.

From Frozen (Regular Oven 325°)

Weight

Cook Time (Unstuffed)

3-5½ lbs.

3-3¾ hrs.

5½-9 lbs.

3¾ -4½ hrs.

How to Roast Boneless Turkey Roasts

For smaller groups, try a boneless roast. It’s easier than ever:

  1. Preheat oven to 325° F.
  2. Remove outer plastic netting and packaging. Leave inner string netting on the roast.
  3. Drain juices and pat dry with clean paper towels. Refrigerate gravy packet.
  4. For easier net removal before serving, lift string netting and shift position on roast.
  5. Place roast, skin side up, on a flat roasting rack in 2-inch deep roasting pan. Do not add water to pan.
  6. Roast uncovered according to Cooking Schedule or until meat thermometer in center of breast roast reaches 170° F and in center of turkey roast reaches 175° F.
  7. Roasting time will vary if turkey is covered or placed in an oven-cooking bag.
  8. For easier net removal after roasting, wrap roast in foil and let stand 10 minutes. Remove netting and slice roast.

Roasting Tips

Roast From Frozen

Since you can’t adjust the string netting when roasting from frozen, be sure to wrap the roast in foil after it comes out of the oven.

  1. Preheat oven to 325° F.
  2. Remove gravy packet with spatula and refrigerate.
  3. Place roast, skin side up, on a flat roasting rack in a 2-inch deep roasting pan. Do not add water to pan.
  4. Roast uncovered according to Cooking Schedule or until meat thermometer in center of breast roast reaches 170° F and in center of turkey roast reaches 175° F.
  5. For easier net removal after roasting, wrap roast in foil and let stand 10 minutes. Remove netting and slice roast.

Suggested Recipes

Orange Chili Marinated Roast Turkey Prep Time < 15 minutes Cook Time 3+ hours Calories Per Serving 180
Herb and Citrus Butter Roasted Whole Turkey Prep Time < 30 minutes Cook Time 3+ hours Calories Per Serving 520
Java Coffee-Rubbed Roast Turkey Prep Time < 15 minutes Cook Time 3+ hours Calories Per Serving 220
How to Roast a Turkey (2024)

FAQs

What is the formula for roasting turkey? ›

The simplest way to figure out turkey roasting times is to calculate 13 minutes per pound at 350°F for an unstuffed turkey (that's about 3 hours for a 12- to 14-lb. turkey), or 15 minutes per pound for a stuffed turkey.

Is it better to cook a turkey at 325 or 350? ›

Oven-Roasted Turkey

We recommend starting the turkey in a 425 degree oven for 30-45 minutes before tenting the pan with foil and lowering the temperature to 350 degrees until a meat thermometer reads 165 degrees when inserted into the thickest part of the bird.

Should I cover my turkey with foil while roasting? ›

To achieve a perfectly golden, juicy turkey, let the bird spend time both covered and uncovered in the oven. We recommend covering your bird for most of the cooking time to prevent it from drying out; then, during the last 30 minutes or so of cooking, remove the cover so the skin crisps in the hot oven.

What is the best temperature to cook a turkey? ›

What Temperature to Cook the Turkey? Cook your turkey at 325 degrees F for most of the cook time; in the final 45 minutes, remove the cover or foil tent from the turkey, increase the oven temperature to 425 degrees F and baste the bird with butter. The initial lower oven temperature cooks the turkey through evenly.

How to prep the turkey for roasting? ›

Prepare the turkey: Remove the turkey neck and giblets. Pat the turkey dry with paper towels, then place it (breast-side up) on a rack in a roasting pan. Stuff and season the turkey: Fill the cavity with stuffing. Rub the skin with butter, then season with salt and pepper.

How many hours do you cook a turkey at 325 degrees? ›

In general, you should plan to cook a turkey for around 15-20 minutes per pound of turkey at 325ºF to get to that temp.
  1. 10-12 pounds: cook 2 3/4 to 3 hours.
  2. 15-16 pounds: cook 3 1/2 to 4 hours.
  3. 18-20 pounds: cook 4 to 4 1/2 hours.
Oct 15, 2023

How long does a 20lb turkey take at 350? ›

The simplest way to roast a whole turkey: The most straightforward approach is to roast an unstuffed turkey, breast-side up, for 13 minutes per pound of turkey at 350°.

How long should a turkey rest before carving? ›

First, allow your cooked turkey to sit for about 20 minutes before starting to carve. Beginning halfway up the breast, slice straight down with an even stroke. When the knife reaches the cut above the wing joint, the slice should fall free on its own.

What is the rule of thumb for roasting turkey? ›

Cooking Time - The rule of thumb for cooking a turkey is 13 minutes per pound. So our 16-pound turkey should have taken about 3 1/2 hours to cook. However, some factors like brining the bird, cooking with an empty (un-stuffed) cavity, and leaving the legs un-trussed will contribute to much faster cooking.

Do you put liquid in bottom of pan when roasting a turkey? ›

"Often, consumers will inquire about adding water to the bottom of their roasting pans. We do not recommend adding water to the bottom of the pan. Cooking a turkey with steam is a moist heat-cook method and is acceptable, sure, but is not the preferred method for cooking your turkey."

How long do you cook a 2 lb roast at 325 degrees? ›

Oven Roasting Guidelines
beef cutSirloin Tip Center Roast
oven temperature (preheated)325°F
weight (pounds)2 to 2-1/2
Approximate Total Cooking TImeMedium Rare: 1-1/4 to 1-1/2 hours
Internal TEMPERATURE*135°F

What to season turkey with? ›

Stick with salt and pepper, put herbs like rosemary, thyme, and sage to work, or take spicy Cajun seasoning for a spin for some kick. Whatever blend you choose, spread it all over the turkey—on top, underneath, between the body and wings and legs, under the skin, and even in the cavity of the bird.

How often should I baste my turkey? ›

How Often to Baste a Turkey. Most recipes will tell you to baste your turkey every thirty minutes. But our rule of thumb is actually every forty minutes, and here's why. You don't want to open the oven too many times, or else the whole bird will take much long to cook, and that's a huge inconvenience.

What is the chemical equation for roasting? ›

During roasting, the sulfide is converted to an oxide, and sulfur is released as sulfur dioxide, a gas. For the ores Cu2S (chalcocite) and ZnS (sphalerite), balanced equations for the roasting are: 2 Cu2S + 3 O2 → 2 Cu2O + 2 SO. 2 ZnS + 3 O2 → 2 ZnO + 2 SO.

How do you calculate how long to cook a turkey? ›

How Long to Cook an Unstuffed Turkey
WeightCook TimeServings
8 to 12 pounds2¾ to 3 hours5 to 8
12 to 14 pounds3 to 3¾ hours8 to 9
14 to 18 pounds3¾ to 4¼ hours9 to 12
18 to 20 pounds4¼ to 4½ hours12 to 13
1 more row
Oct 16, 2023

What is the ratio of meat to bone for turkey? ›

Think bones. The turkey carcass is not a petite one, and you're probably looking at about ¾ pound of actual meat—and potentially less, with smaller birds—in every 1 1/2 pounds of turkey weight.

How do you calculate turkey size? ›

The general rule is to plan for 1 1/2 pounds of turkey per guest. If you're buying boneless meat, assume about 8 ounces per guest. To buy the right size turkey for your party, simply tally up the turkey-eating guests.

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