What is Mushroom Compost? - Jack Frost Landscapes & Garden Center (2024)

This post was orriginally published 3/20/20 and updated on 6/14/21.

Mushroom compost has many benefits for your plants and overall soil health. It’s a great ammendment to your garden and adds many beneficial nutritents. Use with caution, however, as it can be harmful to some plants. All-in-all, mushroom compost is excellent for your garden when mixed throughly with your garden soil.

What is Mushroom Compost? - Jack Frost Landscapes & Garden Center (1)

What does mushroom compost do?

When used as an amendment, it provides a readily-available source of organic material to soil, which increases water capacity, microbial activity, and soil temperature. It also improves soil structure and amends clay-like soils over time. It is great for adding essential nutrients and micro-organisms to vegetable garden beds, as well as around perennials, trees and shrubs. Generally, the nutrients in a batch of this compost contains 1-2% nitrogen, 0.2% phosphorus and 1.3% potassium.

What’s the process of making mushroom compost like?

After mushroom farmers harvest a crop of mushrooms, they sell the soil that the mushrooms were growing in. This leftover soil is high in organic matter making it desirable for use as a soil amendment (PSU).

Since mushrooms are fungi, they do not have chlorophyll and cannot produce carbohydrates by photosynthesis like plants can. Therefore, the substrate that mushrooms grow in must have a large supply of all essential nutrients for mushroom growth. Commercially, the mixes vary from grower to grower; although, most substrate mixes usually consist of chopped straw, poultry and horse manure, gypsum, nitrogen-containing compounds, and water. The leftover soil is able to be given a new life in organic farming as an amendment to improve water infiltration, holding capacity, permeability, and aeration.

As a result of the high temperatures associated with the composting and pasteurization processes, mushroom compost is free of pests and weed seeds.

Mushroom compost contains an abundance of salt and unstable organic material. Due to this, it should be aged for about two years before applying. This allows for leaching of organic solutes and decomposition of organic matter. Most mushroom compost you can buy at retail locations has already been aged, so you don’t have to worry about doing this yourself.

How should mushroom compost be used?

For flower beds and vegetable gardens, top-dress with the compost or till in about three inches of the compost into the top six inches of fairly dry garden soil. For containerized plants, it should only make up about one-quarter of the volume of soil in the container.

However, mushroom compost isn’t for every plant because it is rich in soluble salts and other nutrients. These can kill germinating seeds and harm salt-sensitive plants including rhododendrons, azaleas, camellias, and other members of the heath family (OSU). It should also not be applied to young plants because they are particularly sensitive to high levels of salts and ammonium.

You can make compost tea to use as a liquid fertilizer/ foliar spray by mixing one part compost with four parts water. The “tea” will have an abundance of beneficial microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa and nematodes. This concoction will help your plant survive any pest attacks or disease.

Compared to traditional mineral fertilizers

Mushroom compost is more expensive than mineral fertilizers in terms of the nutrient content per unit weight, but it provides many benefits that mineral fertilizers cannot. When applied, it improves the biological, physical and chemical characteristics of the soil (Uzun). Nutrients from it are slowly released over a longer period of time. This means plants can use them more effectively than traditional mineral fertilizers.

What we offer

  • What is Mushroom Compost? - Jack Frost Landscapes & Garden Center (2)
  • What is Mushroom Compost? - Jack Frost Landscapes & Garden Center (3)

We offer bulk mushroom compost throughout the main gardening season, which we get from a small grower in Pennsylvania. You can purchase the compost by itself or as a mixture of topsoil and compost, the Jack Frost mix. This is a great option for filling raised beds for example. And for those that might need a smaller quantity, we also offer a bagged option from Daddy Pete’s Plant Pleasers . Both have been properly aged to avoid damage to your plants. We usually recommend to use these products in vegetable and fruit gardens.

Sources

https://extension.oregonstate.edu/news/what-mushroom-compost

https://extension.psu.edu/spent-mushroom-substrate

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ab0d/8b48407d73fe36b1bd275b1187add41d522b.pdf

Related

What is Mushroom Compost? - Jack Frost Landscapes & Garden Center (2024)

FAQs

When should you not use mushroom compost? ›

Mushroom compost use should be avoided where ericaceous plants such as rhododendrons, camellias, azaleas and heathers are being grown, as these plants need acidic growing conditions and are chalk-hating.

What does mushroom compost do for your garden? ›

What does mushroom compost do? When used as an amendment, it provides a readily-available source of organic material to soil, which increases water capacity, microbial activity, and soil temperature. It also improves soil structure and amends clay-like soils over time.

What plants should I not use mushroom compost with? ›

Mushroom compost is also high in salt, which can be problematic for some plants such as blueberries, camellias, rhododendrons and azaleas. These soluble salts along with other nutrients in fresh mushroom compost are too concentrated to germinate seeds or plant young seedlings.

What is the difference between mushroom compost and regular compost? ›

Mushroom compost has already been used as a growing medium which means it generally contains less nitrogen than regular compost. It may be a good choice for soil already rich in nitrogen since excess nitrogen can lead to overgrowth of foliage and stunted roots.

Can I put mushroom compost on top of soil? ›

Mushroom compost works as an effective mulch when several inches are added on top of the soil, acting as a layer of insulation. It will help to keep plant roots cool in the summer and warm in the winter, and it will help to prevent moisture from evaporating.

Will mushroom compost burn my plants? ›

In other words, using too much mushroom compost in your garden can possibly “burn” plants. The safest way to use mushroom compost this time of year is to use it sparingly. To be perfectly safe, mix mushroom compost with garden soil before using it on young plants.

Do peppers like mushroom compost? ›

Q: Can I plant directly into mushroom compost? A: It depends on what you are planting. Direct seeding of wildflowers, turfgrass, radish, carrots, herbs, lettuce are known to do quite well. Transplanting of hops, tomatoes, peppers, kohlrabi, cucumber plants have also been possible.

What is better, cow manure or mushroom compost? ›

If you have a lot of acid-loving plants like blueberries, azaleas, and rhododendrons, cow manure may be better. If the idea of having to compost manure turns you off, then perhaps mushroom compost may be more your speed. Whichever you choose, both are solid choices!

What is the best compost for vegetable gardens? ›

Loam Based Compost

Loam-based compost is a combination of soil, sand, and clay that has been decomposed and processed to create a deep, rich product that is ideal for growing vegetables. Loam-based compost can be purchased commercially or created at home using a simple composting bin.

Is bagged mushroom compost good? ›

Mushroom compost should be used with caution due to its high soluble salt levels and alkalinity. These salt levels can kill germinating seeds, harm young seedlings, and cause damage to salt-sensitive plants, like azaleas and rhododendrons.

How long does mushroom compost last? ›

You may use spent compost weathered for 6 months or longer in all gardens and with most plants. Obtaining mushroom compost in the fall and winter, allowing it to weather will make it ready to use in a garden the following spring. Spring and summer are the best time to use weathered material as a mulch.

Is mushroom compost better than horse manure? ›

Horse manure is much the best general fertiliser because it's rich in organic matter and much more mellow. Spent mushroom compost is a good structure improver, but not that useful for adding nutrients to the soil.

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